Civil Snaps

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS Type of Flow Type of Flow Froude Number Subcritical flow Or Streaming flow Or Tangential flow Fr […]

CIVIL SNAPS – URBAN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE Town Planning Acts Bombay Town Planning Act 1915 Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act 1966 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STRENGTH OF MATERIALS Charpy Impact Test The Charpy impact test measures the energy absorbed by a standard notched specimen […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING MATERIALS   Metamorphic rock ROCK CLASSIFICATION ROCK AFTER METAMORPHISM Granite Igneous rocks Gneiss Basalt Igneous rocks Laterite Limestone […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HYDROLOGY   Types of curves Type of Curve Application Mass Curve Reservoir storage capacity, Total amount of rainfall Double […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Typical flexible pavement failures   Following are some of the typical flexible pavement failures: Alligator or […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Width of Carriageway (m) Classification Width of Carriageway (m) Single lane 3.75 Two lanes without raised […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY   Compaction factor test Degree of Workability Compaction Factor Very Low Workability 0.7 to 0.8 Low Workability […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT   Resource levelling   In the resource levelling process activities are rescheduled such that maximum demand of […]

CIVIL SNAPS – RAILWAY ENGINEERING Composite sleeper index Type of sleeper Minimum C.S.I Track sleeper 783 Crossing sleeper 1352 Bridge sleeper 1455 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Spectral Reflectance Spectral reflectance is a measure of how much energy a surface reflects at a specific […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   Lapse Rate In the troposphere, the ambient (surrounding) air temperature decreases typically with an increase in […]

CIVIL SNAPS – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING   Free Board TYPE OF BRIDGE FREEBOARD (cm) Arch Bridges 30 Girder Bridges 60 – 90 Navigable […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Bump integrator Bump Integrator is also known as roughometer gives an integrated quantitative evaluation of surface […]

CIVIL SNAPS – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING Shaft spillway A shaft spillway consists of a horizontal crest and vertical shaft with its top surface […]

CIVIL SNAPS – REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE   Design bond stress (For plain bars in tension)   Concrete Grade Design Bond stress,  (N/mm2) […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Building line and Control line   Building Line: An imaginary line beyond which building activities are […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS   Shape factor   Shape Shape Factor Square 1.5 Circular 1.7 Triangle 2.34 Diamond section 2   […]

CIVIL SNAPS – REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE   Maximum allowable shear stress   Concrete Grade  (N/mm2) M15 2.5 M20 2.8 M25 3.1 M30 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION   Cut or weathered or struck pointing In this type of pointing, after the mortar is pressed […]

CIVIL SNAPS – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING   Types of sodium water   The quality of irrigation waters differ in various regions, countries and […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STEEL STRUCTURES   Column bases Base plates are element used for transmitting the load from column to foundation by […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Recommended Values of Camber For Different Types Of Road As Per I.R.C       CIVIL SNAPS […]

CIVIL SNAPS – RAILWAY ENGINEERING   Maximum value of super elevation   Broad Gauge 16.61 cm Meter Gauge 10.16 cm Narrow Gauge […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Failure in Rigid pavements Scaling of cement concrete Scaling is observed in cement concrete pavement showing overall […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Chlorine Dioxide Gas A very effective and powerful disinfectant 2.5 times stronger than chlorine It is produced by […]

CIVIL SNAPS : GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING   Vertical Stress Distribution According to Bousinesq’s theory the vertical stress (σz) at point P, which is at […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Types of flow   Type of flow Reynold’s no comparison Pipe flow Open channel flow Laminar flow […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Curve Resistance   The loss of tractive force due to turning of vehicle on a horizontal curve […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Hydraulic Jump   Types of Hydraulic Jump Froudes Number Undular 1 < Fr1 < 1.7 Weak 1.7 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Checks in Traverse For closed traverse, checks include Sum of interior angles = (2N – 4)90 degree Sum […]

CIVIL SNAPS – GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING   Area ratio Area ratio is the most critical factor which affects sample disturbance It indicates the ratio […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Coefficient of longitudinal friction CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING       The Race is NOT […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY   Vee bee consistometer test It is the time required for remoulding from conical shape to cylindrical shape […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   Physical characteristics of sewage   [wptb id=10913]   CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING       The Race […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Traffic density Number of vehicles occupied in a section of unit length of road at an instant […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   Biological water quality parameters   [wptb id=10847]   CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING     The Race […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY   Estimating yield of concrete If the proportion of concrete is a:b:c, i.e, if a parts of cement […]

CIVIL SNAPS – GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING   Methods of Improving the Bearing Capacity of soils By increasing the depth of foundation. By draining of […]

CIVIL SNAPS – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING   Irrigation Supply Canal Outlets Non modular outlet: It is one in which the discharge depends on the […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HIGHWAY ENGINEERING   Camber Cross Slope to drain off the rain water from road surface Types of Camber Barrel Camber: […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HYDROLOGY Flood Routing It is the technique of determining the flood hydrograph of a section of a river or channel […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HYDROLOGY   Geological Formations of Ground water Aquiclude: It is a solid impermeable layer underlying or overlying an aquifer. It […]

CIVIL SNAPS – GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING   Spacing Of Bore Holes   PROJECT BORING SPACE (m) One storey building 25 – 30 Multistorey building […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STEEL STRUCTURES   Column Splice A column splice means the joining of two parts of a column. The splicing of […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING MATERIALS   METAMORPHIC ROCKS Rocks formed by the metamorphism of igneous and sedimentary rocks when they are subjected to […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ESTIMATION Sanction Administrative sanction It is the formal acceptance by the department concerned. The approximate estimate and preliminary plans prepared […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENGINEERING GRAPHICS   Classification of T – Square   NOTATION DIMENSION USED WITH T0 1500 ± 10 mm D0 T1 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION   Advantages of Steel trusses over Timber trusses The components of steel trusses can be easily obtained in […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION   Centering for Arches A temporary structure is required to support brick, stone or concrete arches during their […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   Biochemical Oxygen Demand   It is the oxygen required for biological decomposition of organic matter present in […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   Self Cleansing Velocity   It is necessary to maintain to minimum velocity of flow at which no […]

CIVIL SNAPS – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING   Average Delta Values of Crops   CROP AVERAGE DELTA (cm) Rice 120 Wheat 40 Cotton 50 Tobacco […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HIGHWAY ENGINEERING Components of Road Surface Sub Grade The top of the ground on which the foundation of a road […]

CIVIL SNAPS – RAILWAY ENGINEERING Track Imprest A stock of all the usual materials such as rails, sleepers, fish plates, fish bolt, spikes […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY   Compaction Factor   Compaction factor Workability criteria 0.7 to 0.8 Very low workability 0.8 to 0.85 Low […]

CIVIL SNAPS – RAILWAY ENGINEERING Ballast It is the granular material which used in packing under and around the sleeper for transferring the […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   Fumigating Plume Most dangerous plume contaminants are coming down to ground level They are created when atmospheric […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING MATERIALS Commonly used vehicles in paint Linseed Oil Most commonly used vehicles in oil paint It is extracted from […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Cantilever or needle scaffolding: This type of scaffolding is useful under the following circumstances: The proper hard ground […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Terms used in levelling   Level surface: Curved surface parallel to mean spheroidal surface of earth, it is […]

CIVIL SNAPS – GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING   Foundation Settlement The vertical downward movement of the base of a structure is called settlement and its […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Temporary adjustments in surveying equipments   Compass survey: Centering, levelling, Focusing of prism (Only in prismatic compass) Plane […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Angles in compass survey True bearing/ azimuth: Horizontal angle between true meridian and survey line, is constant for […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Types of survey Topographical survey: To plot natural features such as rivers, valleys, lakes etc. Cadastral survey: To […]

CIVIL SNAPS – GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING   Activity of Soil It is a measure of water holding capacity of clayey soils The change in […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STEEL STRUCTURES   Lug Angles Length of the end connection of a heavily loaded tension member may be reduced by […]

CIVIL SNAPS –IRRIGATION ENGINEERING Gravity Dam A gravity dam is a solid structure, made of concrete or masonry constructed across a river […]

CIVIL SNAPS –ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Types of bacteria Aerobic bacteria: Bacteria those which require oxygen for their survival Anaerobic bacteria: Those which flourish […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Column analogy method It based on the analogy between the fixed end moments induced in a fixed […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Test on Bitumen   TEST USED TO DETERMINE Marshall Test Design of bituminous concrete mix Penetration […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY   Chemical composition of cement   CaO Controls strength and soundness 60 – 65% SiO2 Strength, excess […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING   Different types of chain   Type of chain Length Links Metric chains 20 m /30 m 100/ […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS Critical State Flow In critical state flow: Froude number is equal to unity The specific energy is […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY   Errors in chaining Cumulative Errors: Systematic errors if not checked, they have serious effect on accuracy. They […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HIGHWAY ENGINEERING   Rigid pavements It reduces the stress concentration and distributes the reduced stresses uniformly to the area […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HYDROLOGY   Types of Precipitation Cyclone: It is a large low pressure region with circular wind motion (anti clockwise) […]

CIVIL SNAPS – STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS   Effective Length   End Conditions Effective Length Both ends Hinged L Both ends fixed 0.5L One […]

CIVIL SNAPS – CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY Water Cement Ratio Important properties of water to be used for cement concrete are: Content of organic […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Waste Stabilization pond: Provides long detention period during which the waste gets stabilized by the action of […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION   Type of Timber Floors   Type of Timber Floors Span Ground timber floor 2.4 m Single […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Drainage of tunnels Pre-drainage or preventing the entry of excess water from entering the tunnel before […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Camber It is the slope provided in transverse direction to drain off rainwater Prevents the entry […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Critical Hydraulic Gradient The Hydraulic gradient at the critical condition when the soil particles just begin […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION   Garnet Hinge: A hinge with an upright bar and a horizontal strap used for doors and […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION   Trestle Scaffolding In this type, the working platform is supported on the top of movable arrangements […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ESTIMATION   Cement required for 1 cubic meter of concrete   Mix Kg/cu.m M25 (1:1:2) 610 M20 (1:1.5:3) 400 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – GRAPHICS Drawing Pencil   Tip of Pencil Lead Uses Cylindrical Shading / Hatching Conical Lettering & Dimensions Wedge / […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Marshall mix design criteria for bituminous concrete   Test property Specified Value Marshall stability, Kg 340 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE   Proportions for Nominal Mix Concrete For any nominal mix shall be proportionately increased if the […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Hydraulic Co-Efficients   1. Co efficient of velocity It is defined as the ratio between the […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Flow Through Syphon Syphon is a long bent pipe which is used to transfer liquid from […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY   Computation of Area   1. Average Ordinate rule     2. Mid Ordinate rule     3. […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY Strength of fix Strength of fix of a plane table station is the accuracy with which resection can […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY   Qualities of a telescope   Aplanation: Absence of spherical aberration   Achromatism: Absence of chromatic aberration   […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Hydraulic gradient line and total energy line   Hydraulic gradient line: Line which gives the sum […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS   Weirs, Notches, nappe, crest   Notches: For measuring rate of flow or discharge of a liquid […]

CIVIL SNAPS – REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE   Splicing of reinforcement Splicing of reinforcement should be avoided at a section where the BM […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING   Width of carriage way   Class of road Width of carriage way Single lane 3.75 m […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY   Defects in telescope   Spherical aberration: This defect arising in the terms of curvature of lens in […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY   Variations in declination   Magnetic declination at a plane is the horizontal angle between the true meridian […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ESTIMATION   Type of masonry and Dry Mortar required   Type of masonry Dry mortar required for 1 m3 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – BUILDING MATERIALS   Carbon content in steel   Type of steel Carbon content Dead steel < 0.1% Mild steel […]

CIVIL SNAPS – HIGHWAY ENGINEERING   Range of Camber   Type of road surface Range of camber Heavy rainfall Light rainfall Cement […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEY   LATITUDE AND DEPARTURE The latitude and departure of the line AB of length l and reduced bearing […]

CIVIL SNAPS – FLUID MECHANICS Circulation and Vorticity Circulation Flow along a closed curve Scalar quantity It is the line integral of […]

CIVIL SNAPS – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING – HARDNESS LIMITS IN WATER   Hardness limits in water   < 75 mg/L Soft Water 75 […]

CIVIL SNAPS – REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE – Reduction Coefficient   Reduction Coefficient for Long Columns     Where Cr = Reduction coefficient […]

CIVIL SNAPS – TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING Different Grades of Road Tar RT1: Surface pointing in cold weather countries RT2: Surface pointing in standard […]

CIVIL SNAPS – SURVEYING Fathometer Echo Sounding Where the depth of water is too much, an echo sounding machine known as fathometer […]